Exam: Midterm 2
                              
            (Introduction to Medical Informatics)
         (http://www.cpmc.columbia.edu/edu/textbook)

1.   How do queries for clinical care (ie, for taking care
  of patients) generally differ from queries for clinical
  research?

2.   One radiology PACS system uses 500 by 500 pixels per
  image. Another uses 2000 by 2000 pixels per image. What are
  the relative advantages of each one?

3.   Why won't a natural language processor that is designed
  to process chest X-rays work well for pathology reports?

4.   In vocabularies, why is the use of synonymy (eg, "heart
  attack" and "myocardial infarction") is not an example of
  redundancy in the vocabulary?

5.   The following sentence could be coded two ways (a or
  b). Which is preferable and why?
     
   "On physical exam, the patient was found to have a neck
   rash, wheezing, and tenderness in the abdomen."
     
   (a)  (patient=123, parameter=physical exam, time=10/24/94,
                modifer1=neck rash,
                modifier2=wheezing,
                modifier3=tender abdomen)
     
   (b)  (patient=123, parameter=neck rash, time=10/24/94)
        (patient=123, parameter=wheezing, time=10/24/94)
        (patient=123, parameter=tender abdomen, time=10/24/94)
     
6.   What advantages does a computer-based patient record
  have compared to a paper-based record? What disadvantages
  does it have?

7.   What aspects of health care make it difficult to create
  clinical databases?

8.   Why has there been a recent increase in the use of
  computers in health care?